Learn about Ivan Pavlov’s dogs, and why you might not know them as well as you thought. Then, learn about the three types of perfectionism that are ruining your life. Plus: if the universe is expanding, then what is it expanding into?

Learn what makes someone a night owl or a morning person; get a quick primer on string theory; and discover whether you should pull an all-nighter studying for a test.

Learn about why you probably like talking to strangers more than you think (and why you should do it more often); how to discover your personal strengths; and the words with the most definitions in the English language, according to The Guinness Book of Records.

Learn about where the water on Earth might have come from; the surprising history of the pretzel, including the monk who invented it; words you probably didn’t know are named after people; and where “runner’s high” comes from, and whether it’s genetic.

Learn how technology is helping us get smarter when it comes to hurricane predictions. Then, Dr. Louis Rosenberg, CEO of Unanimous AI, explains how doctors were able to outsmart cutting-edge artificial intelligence by using swarm intelligence to combine their expertise.

Learn about the first private passenger going to space, thanks to SpaceX; a trick for setting goals that you can actually stick to; and myths about running that we’ll bust so you can run with some peace of mind.

Learn about how we could use self-replicating machines to explore the universe; when and why your liver shrinks and grows dramatically; and what science says about how much your birth order really matters.

Learn about new research that can help us understand and save the bees; the best sleeping position, according to science; and how you can learn learn something better by arguing with yourself.

Learn about a new discovery about rain on the sun; why flamingos stand on one leg; and why you blink the way you do when you’re watching a movie.

Learn about what scientists know about the muon; how poor vision evolved; and why the founder of Mother’s Day Anna Jarvis regretted inventing it.

Learn about why our collective attention span is shrinking; how you can increase your productivity by building “deep work” skills; and why eyeball planets may be our best bet for finding alien life.

Learn about where fruit flies come from and what they do from special guest Stephanie Mohr, author of “First in Fly: Drosophila Research and Biological Discovery.” You’ll also learn about why your brain makes you extra antisocial when you’re sick, and how entomologist Justin Schmidt created a pain scale from insect stings.

Learn about why smells trigger such vivid memories; why an ancient tree is changing our understanding of how trees evolved; and how you can find out if you suffer from impostor syndrome, along with ways to get over it.

Learn about the replication crisis facing researchers in the social and life sciences from a special guest: Professor Joseph M. Reagle Jr., author of the new book “Hacking Life: Systematized Living and Its Discontents.” You’ll also learn why squinting helps you see.

Learn about how the color of pills influences how well they’ll work on you; the weird things scientists are learning about a substance that made up the early universe; and the science behind why CEOs make time for hobbies.